Heavy Duty Coatings
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 652001 | ACRI 700 FINISH, is a finishing coat based on acrylic resin which dries by evaporation of the solvents. It has excellent adhesion properties, weathering resistance and gloss and colour retention. | Finishing coat on Ship’s and Oil Rig’s topside and superstructure, external of tanks and other steel structures. Concrete floors where chemical resistance is needed. |
| 651200-Silver 652201-Silver Red Tone | ACRI 700 PRIMER, is an effective corrosion protection primer based on acrylic resin which dries by evaporation of the solvents. It can be applied directly onto bare steel or an existing paint film, such as modified acrylic and epoxy. | Anti-corrosive primer for Ship’s and Oil Rigs’ topsides and superstructure, externals of tanks and other steel structures. |
ALKYD BASED COATINGS
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 527001 | EVAMARINE is an alkyd resin based paint with excellent adhesion properties, weathering resistance and colour retention. | As a finishing coat on exterior wood and steel surfaces |
| 651200-Silver 652201-Silver Red Tone | LZI PRIMER HB, is a high-build type paint, based on special alkyd resin. It contains Zinc Phosphate as its main rust-preventing pigment. It is a highly effective rust-preventing primer which is quick drying, has excellent adhesion properties and weathering resistance. | As a rust preventing primer for the inside and outside of ships superstructures and other steel structures. |
EPOXY COATINGS
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 355201-Base 355099-Hardener | ADPRIME No. 1 is a two component polyamide cured zinc phosphate epoxy primer. | As a primer for ferrous and non-ferrous substrates, especially where epoxy or polyurethane top coats are to be used. |
| 359 350 | BANNOH 500 R, is a Tar-free epoxy anti-corrosive primer which is based on pure epoxy resin and specialized pigmentation. | Anti-corrosive paint for the repair ships and other steel structures Surface Tolerant Epoxy for concrete floors. |
| 379614-Base 379099-Catalyst | EPICON F-HB, is a high-build type epoxy micaceous iron oxide paint based on a combination of epoxy resin and polyamide resin, pigmented with micaceous iron oxide. | Intermediate coat or finish coat for steel structures, bridges, outside of oil storage tanks, etc. |
| 369001-Base 369099-Catalyst | EPICON MARINE FINISH is an epoxy topcoat based on a combination of epoxy resin and a polyamide curing agent, which has excellent durability and adhesion properties. It is a protective finishing coat for steel ships, oil rigs, bridges, steel structures and concrete. | Finishing coat of Epicon Marine system of steel on ships, oil rigs, bridges and other steel structures. Epoxy Coating suitable for concrete floors. |
| 375001-Base 375099-Catalyst | EPICON T-500 FINISH A is a high-build type epoxy coating, which has excellent physical properties such as, adhesion, toughness, abrasion resistance, as well as chemical resistance to salt water, fresh water, petroleum products, crude oil, alkalis and weak acids. | Finishing coat for cargo oil, fresh water and chemical tanks, cargo holds, solvent tanks, etc. Food Grade Epoxy coating for Factory concrete floors and Silos. |
| 365 001-Base 365 099-Hardener | EPICON T-800 is a high-build type epoxy phenolic coating, which has excellent physical properties such as adhesion, toughness, abrasion resistance, as well as chemical resistance to salt-water, fresh water, hot water, petroleum products, crude oil, alkalis and weak acids. | Product carrier tanks, chemical tanks, water tanks, etc |
| 373 700-Base 373 099 -Catalyst | NZ PRIMER S is a non zinc type epoxy shop primer based on a combination of epoxy resin, rust-preventative pigments and quick drying hardener to give adequate preliminary protection of blast-cleaned steel plates. | As a shop primer for protection of blast-cleaned steel plates and especially suitable for steel plates subject to prolonged weathering. |
| 391614-Base 391099-Catalyst | TUFFCOAT is a modified surface tolerant epoxy coating containing micro glass flakes which protects corroded areas of steel where optimum surface pre-treatment is not always practical. | On steel structures and concrete floors |
| 387 001-Base 387 099-Catalyst | UMEGUARD MT, is a high solids modified epoxy paint which is specially designed for steel surfaces prepared by high pressure fresh water cleaning. | Ships and oil rigs deck, topside, superstructure, ballast tanks, inland construction and other steel surfaces |
| 388001-Base 388099-Catalyst | UMEGUARD SX, is a modified surface tolerant epoxy paint. | Cargo hold, inside and outside accommodation space, void spaces, engine room, pipelines, other steel structures etc. |
POLYURETHANE COATINGS
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 470001-Base 470099-Catalyst | ADTHANE ENAMEL is an Acrylic / Polyurethane topcoat that dries to a “tile-like” finish with a mirror gloss appearance. | Adthane Enamel, because of its outstanding properties, can be applied to a wide variety of substrata. It is recommended for the following – boats, furniture, aircraft, vehicles, chemical plants and appliances. |
| 457001-Base 457099-Catalyst | UNY MARINE is a twin pack polyurethane which has excellent gloss retention, durability and chemical resistance, etc. It is a finishing coat suitable for protection of steel. | Glossy finish coat for superstructure, deck, topsides and other steel structures |
| 460071 | WALKSAFE is a twin pack Polyurethane floor coating which is extremely tough and non-slip, even in cold and wet conditions. | Floors where safety is important e.g. Old Age Homes, ablution blocks, shower floors, steps and ramps. Steel Ship Decks, Engine rooms, Oil Drilling Platforms, Refineries, Chemical Plants, Mines etc. |
SURFACE PREPARATION SOLUTIONS
| Product Code | Product And Properties |
| 181003 | GALV-ETCH is an acid/detergent solution, designed to etch new galvanized surfaces simultaneously with the emulsification of the surface contaminants i.e. prefabricators protective coating. Galv-Etch requires a wet reaction period of 10-15 minutes before rinsing clean. |
| 004500 | HOLDTIGHT 102, is an additive that prevents flash rusting of wet abrasive- and water-blasted iron and steel surfaces and of dry-blasted surfaces in a pressurized wash down. It also removes chlorides and other salts and contaminants very effectively. It is approved by most major coating suppliers for use with most coatings: Contact HoldTight Solutions Inc. for details and references. |
| 460071 | HYDROMET, is a rust converter to be used in situations where use of blast cleaning is not possible to achieve the ideal result, or is considered too costly or impracticable, the norm has been to remove loose material and then convert the iron oxide e.g. by use of a solution of tannic acid. |
| 096104 | SUPER PAINT STRIPPER is a general purpose paint remover which is non-flammable, has a low wax content and rinses off with water. Recommended for removing previously painted or varnished surfaces of metal, wood or plaster. Plastic surfaces must be tested first before using Super Paint Stripper. |
| 460071 | WUNDA CLEAN is a degreaser for cement floors, metal and other surfaces which can be diluted and rinsed off with water. It also performs well as a brush cleaner in the removal of semi solidified paint coatings in the bristles of paint brushes, loosening the old paint before water rinsing under the tap thus rendering the brushes usable once again. |
VINYL COATINGS
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 617001 | POLIBI T-1 is a vinyl chloride resin based paint, providing excellent adhesion properties, durability, weathering resistance and gloss retention. | Finishing coat of vinyl system on the inside and outside superstructure area of ships and oil rigs, the external of steel tanks and other steel structures |
| 614200-Silver 614201-Silver Red Toned | VINYL AC-HB is a vinyl chloride resin and aluminium pigment based primer, providing effective protection against corrosion. | Ship and Oil rig superstructures, externals of tanks and other steel structures. |
ZINC COATINGS
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 815001-Base 815099-Catalyst | ADZINC NO 1, is a twin pack inorganic ethyl -silicate base with metallic zinc dust pigmentation in paste form, and is dependant upon the presence of moisture in the atmosphere to initiate curing. | A corrosion resistant primer for industrial constructions of all natures; bridges, pipelines, storage tanks, etc . |
| 370004-Base 370099-Catalyst | EPICON ZINC RICH PRIMER B2 is a two-pack primer, based on a combination of metallic zinc, epoxy resin and hardener. | Primer for protection of blast-cleaned steel plates. |
| 810012 | METALLIC ZINC RICH PRIMER is a general purpose zinc primer for the temporary protection of suitably prepared steel structures. | On Steel Structures and Welding repair areas. |
MISCELLANEOUS
| Product Code | Product And Properties | Suggested Use |
| 164001 | BITUMINOUS ALUMINIUM PAINT is a high lustre bituminous based aluminium paint. It is free from bleeding on bituminous surfaces, improves illumination and reflects heat. | Direct application to bituminous surfaces, “Malthoid” roofs and creosoted timber. |
| 164003 | BITUMINOUS BLACK is a general purpose protective coating which is impervious to moisture and most chemicals. | Recommended for sealing absorbent surfaces such as fibrous cement prior to the application of a finishing coat of Bituminous Aluminium. Also for direct application to any clean metal surface where a low cost protective coating is required. |
| 166280 | QUICK DRYING HEAT RESISTANT ALUMINIUM 200°C is a special blend of aluminium paste and heat resisting resins. | Used as a heat resistant finish on suitably prepared steel surfaces for exposure on kilns,exhaust manifolds, smoke stacks and incinerators, etc. |
| 358080 | SILICON No. 400 SILVER, is a Silicon resin Aluminium paint based on a combination of silicon resin and Aluminium pigment. | On boilers, cylinders of engines and the inside of exhaust pipes, radiators, stoves, oil burners, etc. |
| 605077-BLACK 605003-RED OXIDE | VASBYT SINGLE PACK METAL ETCH PRIMER is a fast drying Acid Hardening Metal Etch Primer. | Recommended pre-treatment primer for most new metal surfaces. |
| 602001-Base 602099-Catalyst | WASH PRIMER is a vinyl buteryl based primer, which conforms to SABS Standard 723 type Wash Primer. | Main use is over well prepared Galvanized Iron or Aluminium or Non-ferrous Metal. |
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
| Coating Failure | Appearance Failure | Cause of Failure | Remedy |
| Wrinkling | Furrows and ridges in coating surface. May be linear or random pattern. Wrinkle may be fine or quite large. | Surface reaction where surface of coating expands more rapidly during drying than does the body of the film. | Choose coatings with even, thorough drying characteristics. Apply evenly, avoid excessive thickness. |
| Micro organism | Softening or slime reaction of coating. Blotchy brown or black spots on coating surface causing poor dirty appearance. | The biodegradation of the coating by bacteria or fungal attack. The coating is used as a source of nourishment. | Use oil paints which contain permanent fungicides or bactericides. Non oil coatings should use non-biodegradable modifiers. |
| Discoloration | Yellowing, greying or darkening of coating. | Resin or pigment colour change due to weather or chemical action. | Select coating formulated with both colour stable resins and pigments. |
| Checking (2) | Usually fine visible or microscopic checks. Does not penetrate to the substrate. | The Zinc pigment to binder ratio is high - rapid drying conditions cause surface checking. | Formulation should include reinforcing pigments. Apply coating as thin as recommended. Second coat, if necessary. Apply under favorable drying conditions. |
| Chemical | Pinpoint rusting progressing to continuous rusting. | Acid or Alkali reaction on both silicate binder and on metallic zinc. | Apply resistant topcoats over inorganic Zinc coatings. |
| Pinpoint Rusting | Pinpoint spots of corrosion progressing from a few square centimeters to almost continuous. | Uneven coating thickness - thin coated areas show first failure. | This is normal failure pattern for inorganic Zinc coatings. Apply maintenance coat at first sign of pinpoint failure. |
| Blistering | Hemispherical Bubbles in coating containing gas or liquid. | Blistered coatings have adhesion problems due to poor surface preparation, internal soluble materials or poor wetting of substrates. Osmosis, electro endosmosis, gases absorbed into the metal surface or solvent entrapment cause blisters to form. | Select a coating with very strong adhesion characteristics and a low moisture vapor transfer rate. Carefully apply to a clean, abrasive blasted surface. |
| Peeling | Coating may be smooth and lying on surface or it may be hanging in shreds. Little or no adhesion is evident. | Adherence is less than the tensile strength of the coating. When broken, the coating can easily be pulled from the surface leaving the original surface of the substrate. Coating may react with substrate and lose adhesion. Coating usually flexible. | Select a coating as outlined under blistering. |
| Flaking or Scaling | Pieces of coating curling at the edges, easily removed from the surface leaving bare substrate or in between thick old coating. | Coating usually brittle with internal shrinkage characteristics in addition to marginal adhesion. Oil type coatings may scale or flake from a galvanized surface. | Select a coating as outlined under blistering. For galvanizing use a primer compatible with Zinc. |
| Intercoat delamination | The topcoat does not adhere to the undercoat. It may lie on surface, blister, flake or peel. | The topcoat is not compatible with the undercoat. The surface of the undercoat may be contaminated. The undercoat may be over-cured to complete insolubility. | Select coatings with good compatibility and adhesion between coats. Make certain undercoat is clean before application of the second coat. Do not expose coal tar epoxy coatings to water or excessive sunlight before over-coating. |
| Improper mixing of coating | Thin coating. Non uniform pigment distribution. May be areas of poor adhesion, uneven colour, checking or cracking. | Most common cause is improper pigment-vehicle ratio, where settled pigment remains in the bottom of the paint can. | Thoroughly mix the liquid coating (preferably by mechanical stirrer ) to an even ,smooth, homogeneous liquid with no colour variation. Continue mixing as necessary during use. |
| Improper thinning of coating | Poor adhesion, pigment float or flooding (uneven colour). Separation of pigment and vehicle after application. Pin- holing, blushing (coating turning white after application). | Thinner incompatible with resins or pigments. Improper drying change in surface tension. Thinner evaporation too rapid, causing moisture to condense on liquid coating. | Use only manufacturer’s recommend thinners, add slowly with thorough mixing. |
| Poor atmospheric conditions for coating application | Poor adhesion and blistering from humid, damp conditions. Over spray - powdery coating where drying is too rapid. Soft uncured film. | Condensation of moisture on the surface prior to application. Lack of proper cure due to low or too high temperature during application. | Apply coatings at relative humidity of 80% or below and at least 3°C above the dew point. Apply paint and coating at 5 degree centigrade or above except for internally reactive materials which should be 25°C or above. |
| Improper coating thickness | Areas of pinpoint corrosion between areas of solid coating where coating is thin. Checking, cracking, flaking where coating is excessive. | Thin areas, spatter coating, holidays. Runs, puddles, excessive number of spray passes in area where coating access is difficult. | Careful application-even spray passes with each pass overlapped 50%. Use cross spray technique. |
| Overspray | Very rough coating surface. May appear like sand in the coating. Some dry coating, like dust, on the surface. | Improper spraying technique. Uneven spray passes with gun too far from the surface. Spray pressure too low, atomizing air pressure too high. Nitro-cellulose type coating most subject to overspray. | Apply coating with care and with even wet spray passes overlapped 50%. Use wire screen and sandpaper to obtain smooth surface before top-coating. |
| Pinholes | Small, visible holes in the coating. Holes generally appear in concentrations with a random distribution. | Improper spray technique. Spray gun too close to the surface with air bubbles being forced into the coating. Spray pot pressure too high with atomizing air pressure too low. Pinholes may also exist in the substrate. | Apply coating carefully with spray gun at the optimum distance from the surface. Make sure spray gun is properly adjusted. If pinholes already exist, apply coating by brush, working it into the surface. |
| Spatter Coat | Area of thin coating, usually at end of spray pass or around a complex section of structure. Small spots of coating which are non-continuous over substrate. In poor light, may seem continuous. | Discrete coating droplets which are not continuous over the surface. Inconsistent spray passes not overlapped 50%. Spray gun flipped at end of spray pass. Catalyst cured coatings most subject to spatter. | Apply coating with care. Use even, wet spray with each pass overlapped 50%. Use cross spray technique. |
| Holidays | Bare areas of the surface which were uncoated by the painter. Most often in difficult areas to coat. | Poor, inconsistent application. Lack of care. | Apply coating in a careful, consistent manner, making certain that no areas remain uncoated. |
| Cratering | Bug eyes, fish eyes or craters randomly dispersed over coated area. May be more prevalent in thicker areas. | Improper solvent mixture, oil in atomizing air, surface contamination, particulate fall out during application, high surface tension silicone contamination. | Once cratering occurs, sand or roughen crater area. Apply another coat by brush, working coating into cratered area. Make sure contaminated is removed. |
| Bleeding | Staining of top coats. | Soluble resins or pigments in undercoat. | Seal with coating in which bleeding ingredient is soluble. |
| Blushing | Haziness or whitening of film. | Condensation of moisture on coating due to rapid dripping of solvents. | Wait for improved humidity conditions. Reduce atomizing air pressure to a minimum. |
| Lifting | Wrinkling, swelling or blistering of film. | Attack or swelling of film by solvents in top coat. | Remove old coating and recoat. |
| Orange Peel | Overall bumpy pattern. Surface is smooth but irregular. | Spraying technique, drying characteristics of the film. | Apply a wet mist coat. Use a slower evaporating solvent. |
| Runs or Sags | Coating running in droplets down vertical surface causing curtain effect. | Excessive application. | Apply thinner coats. Check surface temperature. May be too cold for proper drying. |